Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices fromlnstrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

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Designation: E313-20 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices fromlnstrumentally Measured Color Coordinates11. Scope1.1 This practice provides numbers that correlate withvisual ratings of yellowness or whiteness of white and near-white or colorless object-color specimens.viewed in daylightby an observer with normal color vision. White textiles, paints.and plastics are a few of the materialls that can be described bythe indices of yellowness or whiteness calculated by thispractice.1.2 For a complete analysis of object colors, by a specifiedobserver and under a specified illuminant, use of three param-eters is required. For near-white specimens, however, it is ofltenuseful to calculate single-number scales of yellowness orwhiteness.This practice providles recommended equations forsuch scales and discusses their derivations and uses.and limitsto their applicability (see also Ref (10.1.3 The values stated in Sl units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement arc included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does nor purport vo address all of thesafety concernas，if ary, associated wirh irs use. It is rheresponsibility of the user of this siandar

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